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CD138, also known as syndecan-1, is expressed in stratified and simple epithelia, and late stages of B-cell differentiation. CD138 expression is reduced during malignant transformation of various epithelia. CD138 is rapidly shed by myeloma cells entering into apoptosis, which makes CD138 a marker of viable myeloma cells. CD138 is also expressed in endothelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes and normal hepatocytes.
The antibody labels normal and neoplastic plasma cells. It is useful for the identification of malignancies involving terminally differentiated plasma cells e.g. multiple myeloma. Various forms of Hodgkin’s disease have also been shown positive staining with this antibody. |
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